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My Scrap Mat Formula

Every few years my yarn stash gets “a little out of hand”.

Seriously, though. This is pretty much my entire stash. I bag by colour, not fibre content.

I know that phrase is often used as a dramatic understatement by someone whose yarn treasure could feed a dragon and its extended family for a long weekend, but for me, a few cubbies of half balls and random impulse buys is usually enough to set me on the path to a stash busting event.

I’ve been sensitive to any real build-up of yarn scraps ever since we had a clothes moths infestation a few decades ago. (thank you, rolled-up, hand-me-down rug we didn’t realise was covered in moth eggs until it was way too late)

And so, now, when it all gets a bit too mountainous in my studio, I sit on the floor and sort my odd balls and left-over bits into colour-themed hills.

I grade colour piles from “lots” to “not that much yarn, really”, and I get to work making a floor mat.

I find the process of crocheting with BIG yarn and a BIG hook, and the heave-ho that comes with a heavy, growing mass of fabric like this, to be very therapeutic. It’s exercise for my arms and shoulders, it’s a dopamine hit for my head, and it feels like “tidying” even as I’m just doing my favourite thing.

In the grand tradition of my mother’s colour rules, often I’ll eschew gradients or anything that’s overly harmonious. In this house, we like a colour clash. We invite in the orange and the pink and the lime green. We add navy and black and brown with no regard for colour theory. We put the weird green beside the other weird green.

“Dash it all!” I say, colour rules are made to be broken!

Originally, this one only went out to the edge of the red stripe, but it looked so much like a blind, infected eyeball and I HAD to add more stripes!

This is my most harmonious-coloured one and it’s also my oldest. It follows the fewest of my rules – but I love it anyway.

But, soberly… there are some other guidelines that don’t brook breaking;

First: I choose the two biggest colour-themed piles, and I hold on to one of them for the mat’s border. When we get that far out from the sun, it takes so much yarn to make one full round that you’ll need miles and mountains of fluff to make any sort of an impact. And I like a mat with a decent border. It’s art. It deserves a frame.

    The big pile that I keep close at hand gets used right away. I hold a strand or two from that pile at all times as I crochet. This ensures a cohesive colour element remains in play and gives the finished product an intentional look.

    This one – my latest – is a good example of the use of consistent colour throughout. Maroon is included in every single stitch up to the border, and that makes every other colour feel more at home.

    Second: Another important thing to remember is that fiber content matters. You do not want all your feltable wool residing in one big stripe and the rest of the mat made out of acrylic and cotton. The first time you accidentally wash it at 30 degrees, you’ll end up with a bunched up felted section that adds ridges and valleys to your mat that you will end up fighting against until the end of time.

      I speak from experience, folks. It’s no es bueno.

      Ask me how I know uneven felting can be a huge problem. Go on. I dare you.

      Instead, I ensure I have at least 20% or so wool running through the entire thing, and then I bulk that up with cottons, acrylics and whatever randos I have close by. Variation in feltable fibre content is fine, but I wouldn’t wiggle too far in one direction or the other.

      Then, I locate my trusty mat hook (a 9 mm wonder) and I start.

      That’s an M/13 for those of you in the US and a 00 for crocheters in Canada and the UK.
      Basically, if this thing was wooden, Buffy could use it as a vampire stake.

      In this case, I had one of those massive bumper balls of Aran-weight yarn that’s about 25% wool. It’s not good quality, but it is a nice maroon, so to start, I held that triple-stranded and gathered up a couple of strands of fingering weight yarn. That remained the thinkness I maintained throughout. About 3-4 Aran’s worth, or in technical terms aabout 4 wraps per inch.

      The notion is that every time one yarn ball runs out, I add another, and work my way through my busted stash until I’m done.

      I replace a DK with a few strands of fingering weight. Two DK strands can replace an Aran, or vice versa. Introducing a chunky yarn means I’ll have to drop a couple of Arans or a whole heap of 4-ply. You get the idea. I just keep building and using yarns as necessary to keep the stitches squishy and thick.

      The accepted rule for making a flat circle with UK double crochet stitches is to do 6 sts on the first round and to add 6 stitches evenly every round thereafter. So, first round is 6, second round is 12, third is 18, 24, 30, 36, etc., etc., etc. But, I think we all know if you follow that to the letter, you don’t end up with a circle, you end up with a hexagon.

      There’s the added complication that holding multiple strands at once will mean that the stitches in one round won’t be the same gauge as the stitches in the next. It’s important to try and keep it consistent, but alas, despite your best efforts you’ll still find that chunky boys on one round will inevitably give way to slimmer lads on the next. Lumpy stitches happen.

      So, 6 extra stitches per row simply does not compute in the real world.

      Instead, here is my pattern (of sorts):

      I start with 7 stitches, and I increase my stitch count evenly by seven for the first 6 rounds.
      So, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42… (Essentially, I do 7 rounds-worth of increasing in the span of 6 rounds.)

      Then, for a round or two, I do no increases at all.

      This ebb and flow of tension in the increases means that I’m never UNDER the number of stitches I need – having slightly too few stitches is way worse than having slightly too many – and it ensures I can always pull back with a blank, no-increase round if things get a teeny bit out of hand.

      After every set of increase rounds (and their accompanying blank rounds) I tend to shift where I place my increases, too. That way, each set of increase rounds have their points off-set from the last, making for a more uniform circle.

      Eventually, when I begin to run out of balls that can span an entire circle (or when my theme colour starts to run out), I’ll switch entiely to that big pile of yarn I put aside at the start. Adding a few rounds of that sees my border complete.

      All there is then is to give it a gentle, cold wash to block and settle it all down, and then I plop it on the floor somewhere warm, reshape it and let it dry off entirely. (If you have wooden floors like I do, make sure you flip your wet mat and change its location while it dries, so you don’t damage your floor)

      My mats have been used for years and years to teach our dogs to sit politely, and once they understand what to do, we’ve flung the mats into our van to bring with us on doggy adventures to give them a familiar “den” wherever they go.

      Rosie, waiting for some broccoli. No kidding. She loved veggies.
      Henry, visiting us from
      my parent’s house.
      Korra, helping to flatten the lumps and bumps on the edge of the wonky mat.

      These mats have been used in the garden for my niece and nephew to picnic and play on, they’ve kept my feet warm when I cook in our cold, winter kitchen, too. They also add a personal touch and brighten up any room.

      Making them is a massive mood booster for me. The repetitive nature is soothing, and it feels like a useful thing to do when I’m worried about something else.

      This latest one, for instance, has helped me process the idea of welcoming a new rescue dog into our home.

      Vacancy: One dog buddy, please.

      I don’t know who that dog will be, but I can bet – much like Rosie and Henry and Korra before them – our new pup will enjoy snoozing and playing (and, let’s face it, probably piddling) on my crochet mats just as much as they did.

      And that, I think, is the best possible way to use up left-over yarn.




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      Testers Needed for Bríd

      Just a short note to spread the word, folks.

      I have finally written the pattern for my new (old?) shawl, Bríd.

      She is a circular shawl with a hole in the centre and a swirling vortex of segments all the way around. The segments and their curve add movement and drape, and the gently chevroned colour work at the edge is inspired by the tilt and contrast of bird feathers.

      Bríd can be worn multiple ways.

      For a full circle, you’ll need 520 m / 570 yards of your Main Colour (I have used Ériu Elements Luxury Irish Wool #1061 Ceremony) and 170 m / 186 yards for your Contrast Colour (#1053 Selkie)

      And you’ll need a 6 mm, regular length crochet hook. As with all my patterns, a long, Tunisian-specific hook isn’t needed, but avoid using a hook with an ergonomic handle.

      The main reason I’m keen to test this shawl is that, even though it is quite a simple shawl to make, the directions have to hop between traditional crochet terminology, to my lovely linked stitch nomenclature, then to regular Tunisian crochet terms to complete each segment.

      It’s the only way I can see to keep the pattern from becoming a million pages long. (That’s a slight exaggeration, but I am looking to ensure it’s efficient and doesn’t ramble)

      I think I just need the reassurance of a few testers to tell me it’s navigable, you know?

      If you’re interested in testing her, please comment below. I’ll reply with an affirmative if you’re in the pot.




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      The student that almost made me quit teaching crochet

      I’ve been teaching sundry traditional crafts classes for a good two decades now, and I pride myself on my patience, gentle encouragement and my ability to help struggling crafters improve at their own pace. I’m happy to repeat, I don’t show impatience, I centre joy and try to teach a love of the craft alongside the necessary skills to succeed.

      In fact, up until I met this one student – let’s call her Mary – I actively described myself as a teacher who never left a student behind.

      Thanks to Mary, I don’t make that claim anymore.

      Now, before you judge me for making fun of a struggling student, hear me out. Stick with me. I promise it’s worth it.

      Here’s how it went down.

      Mary’s adult daughter contacted me, asking if her, her sister and their mother could book me for a family crochet class. I love working with related students. The dynamic is always brilliant. There are family jokes, a little teasing, well-worn stories to tell, and a comfort between people that you just don’t get at a table full of strangers, so I said yes, I’d love to.

      They arrived at my studio, and for the first little while, all seemed normal. They were all beginners, so they all struggled with holding the hook, with managing their yarn, with making chains. But while the two sisters worked and progressed steadily, their mother didn’t.

      Now, being as I never let a willing student flounder, I focussed on Mary.

      Mary would wrap the yarn around the hook multiple times, and make a tangled, gnarling knot.
      I’d remind her she only has to wrap it once.
      After I undid the muddle and handed the hook and yarn back, Mary would wrap it multiple times again.

      After we’d done that dance for a while, Mary would pull the loops off the hook without wrapping at all, yanking the yarn in the process, thus losing all her stitches.
      I’d re-do the lost stitches so she had something to hold, I’d explain the single step I wanted her to take, then she’d do the same thing again.

      Meanwhile, the sisters had their own questions, and understandably, they were getting annoyed with me for not managing my time between them all. They wanted to progress, to increase, decrease, figure out why their edges looked a bit wonky. All good, solid beginner stuff they had an absolute right to learn in a first class. But the fact was, every time I turned my eyes from Mary, I’d hear “Oh…”, turn back, and something new and tragic would have happened to her crochet.

      Mary worried.

      Mary blamed herself.

      Mary’s daughters kept saying that she wasn’t good at this at all. Their impatience with their mother, and with me, was obvious.

      I comforted and reset Mary over and over.

      But despite using all my tricks, all my experience, every time I blinked, Mary made a mess.

      There was simply no escaping Mary.

      It was an hour and a half of this, folks. Ninety interminable minutes of “Not like that, Mary, like this,” “Do you remember what we said about the yarn over?”, “your hook needs to go in there, Mary.”

      Now, I know some of you are thinking “Poor Mary sounds like she’s got a cognitive issue.” I thought the same. I’ve taught many elderly people over the years, I’ve taught quite a few of them with memory issues, with dexterity issues, with signs of dementia. Usually a carer tells me in advance so I’m prepared. Usually, a carer won’t be impatient to learn much themselves if the focus is on their charge. As far as I’m concerned, progress looks different for different people, and for people in mental decline, I see progress as them being present at a class; anything else is a bonus.

      In this case, I got no volunteered info on Mary, so I soldiered on. I was all manner of patient, gentle, repetitive with Mary. If Mary wanted to learn, I was gonna teach her.

      It wasn’t until the end of class – as they were leaving – that the sister who booked me said to me “I don’t think this is gonna work out.”

      Reluctantly, I had to agree. I felt crest-fallen, though. I’d let them down. I’d taken three aspiring crocheters and in my care they’d chosen to quit. That broke my heart, it really did. I’d become the “bad teacher” I heard about so often from students who’d been told by less skilled tutors that they just didn’t have the talent to crochet. I hate the idea that someone would be dismissed like that, and yet, here I was admitting defeat with poor Mary.

      Then I heard the other sister out at the car – in a very loud voice – tell her mother that she “PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE TURNED HER HEARING AID ON”.

      Lads. Folks. Mesdames et Messieurs. My soul left earth for a moment while I digested this.

      The sister who I was speaking to shrugged and told me. “She likes to save the battery”.

      What the ever-living, actual fluff!

      MARY HADN’T HEARD A SINGLE BLESSED WORD I’D SAID. And…aaaand. The daughters knew she wasn’t able to hear, either.

      I could have cried.

      But, I am nothing if not a crafting optimist. They may have learnt next to nothing from that ninety minute madness, but I can say for certain, I surely did.

      I still promote myself as a teacher who never leaves a student behind, but I add an important caveat – MARY, TURN YOUR HEARING AID ON!




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      Of loss and love and renewal

      We’re two weeks into the New Year already.

      My new Bríd.

      And now that my new and improved Bríd shawl sample is complete, it’s time to get cracking on Ard Rí.

      Now, despite the gorgeous colours and stunning texture of Tara St 4-ply by Townhouse Yarns, I have found myself reluctant to get going.

      Firstly, losing the original was a real blow. I loved that shawl. I loved that exact shawl. Not just the pattern, not just the look of it; the physical piece that existed in my universe.

      Because you see, I have a lot of emotion wrapped up in that first Ard Ri.

      Firstly, there’s joy. A lot of joy.

      It was one half of a two-shawl collaboration with a wonderful knitwear designer named Julie Dubreux (she who Knits in Paris I’m certain you’re familiar.) We got together, decided to make two shawls – hers knit, mine crochet – using the same exact yarns and a similar starting point for inspiration. Julie was a wonder to work with. Encouraging and enthusiastic, open and creative. I started us off, she kept us going. I 100% love this lady. Top class human. No notes.

      Left: Aoibhe Crochets in Meath. Right: Julie Knits in Paris.

      So, whenever I took my Ard Ri out of my trunk during class I’d thank my collaboration with her for its inception.

      Ard Rí also embodied pride in my work.

      During each trunk show and each class I could 100% guarantee a gasp from my audience when I fourished its folds away. Like a stand-up comedian taking a sip of water, I knew to hold for a beat as it was examined by the sea of eyes in front of me. Comments abounded; it looked like it was covered in wine bottles (truly a pandemic design, then), it looked like an art deco background, a halo, something vaguely pharaonic when held upside-down. It was described as Afro-futuristic a few times, too.

      And I – theatre kid that I am – lapped up the commentary.

      But then, there’s also a lot of slower, sadder feelings residing in its fabric, too.

      It was my first creation mid-pandemic. My first project started and completed while cooped up in my home, vulnerable and isolated, cloistered and forgotten while the world around me grew more and more dangerous to my unprotected, diabetic body. Every stitch included a little of the thought “this could be the last thing I design”. Maybe that’s why I made it so grand and enveloping and mighty. Maybe it was my shield.

      And to top it all off, we’d only just lost our beautiful dog, Rosie. So, when Townhouse Yarns asked me name one of the colourways, I named the golden one “Rosie’s Gold” in her memory. It’s golden, like the flecks in her brown eyes, and it’s warmed by the blush of pink on her chin.

      Rosie: Still profoundly missed every single day. What a beauty! (and those teef bubbles! <3)

      I spoke to those original golden skeins and told them all about my lost dog, whispering into them as I wound them into cakes, and then I crocheted that grief straight into the fabric. I’m sure I’m not the only one who weaves memories of their life into their work. Intentional or no, I’m sure you do, too.

      And maybe that’s why my Ard Ri re-make has been a tough project to start into; each stitch ahead of me on the road contains the loss of a beloved buddy, the fear of the first months of the pandemic, but also now, the loss of the original object holding on to all that emotion.

      Perversely, this new one will also guard the newer grief at losing our second dog, Korra – no less dear than Rosie had been.

      Our stunning Korra Bear. (Anyone wanna name a yarn colourway after her?)

      Grief comes in threes, they say, and though there have been other losses and shocks and trials between Rosie and the Pandemic and Korra, no others are so connected to this pattern. So maybe that’s it for a while. Parhaps Ard Ri can now rest and let some other, newer shawl take care of the future.

      And maybe as these new stitches describe an old, retrodden path, I can use it like a spell to wrap and bind and dance around these three griefs, and maybe the shawl that results will be a new sheild, tempered by what went before.

      And maybe, as before, when I unfurl it in class, the fascination and glee it inspires will prove to be just the medicine my broken heart needs.

      Ard Ri begun anew. A smile I wasn’t expecting.
      The ball on the right is the little bit I had left over from making the original. I used it for the first full row. A suitable first step on the journey, I think.




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      Bríd’s New Day

      The holidays were busy here at Yarn Towers.

      I managed to eat three Christmas dinners within the space of 24 hours – not unusual since I cook two of them, and refuse to miss my mother’s cooking on top of all that – but any snatches of time I had to spare were spent remaking my Bríd shawl.

      I know I said I was gonna take a break from it to work on Ard Rí, but honestly, the chugging along on Bríd was remarkably soothing, and the regular repeats were something I could do a little of even after the longest day.

      So, all through Solstice, and Christmas, and New Years I chipped away at it.

      The sun, lowering on Solstice night
      The first of three Christmas dinners
      A beautiful tortoiseshell butterfly. Her timing was perfect. New Year, new life. (Don’t worry. She’s now back to hibernating happily in our coldest room)

      Sometimes, I did three in one evening, sometimes I did one, but slowly and surely, she grew until I had a mass of fabric gathering on my lap, each new panel added more twisting and righting to each turn of my work.

      It seemed that the second half took less time than the first, though that might have been because much of it was done in that wobbly, weird mush of time between Christmas and New Years that no-one seems to be able to keep track of.

      My original stash.
      Four Ceremony, one Selkie
      First Five Panels
      15 panels complete.

      (In fact, maybe that’s the key to solving second sock syndrome and sleeve island. Leave those projects until the last week of December and do them then?)

      And now, as of yesterday, I have 32 panels complete.

      My original was a broad, sweeping half circle, but I found that blocking it – and keeping the end panel’s shapes consistent with the rest – was a challenge.

      The original Bríd – now lost forever in the Spanish postal system.

      So, this time, with a slightly altered pattern in hand (and a colour swap that I am thrilled I went for), I opted to make a full circle, and seam it prior to blocking. That way I ensured all the panels came out the same.

      Bríd 2.0 pinned down and drying on my studio floor

      In the end, a full circle required 32 panels, so that’s what I did.

      All told, I used 170 m of the lush, blue Selkie colourway, and 520 m of the glowing goldenrod that is Ceremony.
      In real terms, that means you’d need one skein of Selkie and three of Ceremony if you wanted to do the same, and you’d have enough of both left over afterwards to make a hat or something, too.

      Next step for me is to wait patiently for it to dry in the middle of my studio floor, then decide if I like it as a circle (doubled over to make a neck warmer), or if I’ll tink the seam and make it a long, curving scarf like its predecessor that I can fasten with a shawl pin (read: crochet hook).

      Which do you think would work best?




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      New (old?) yarn adventure, and progress on Bríd

      It’s not often I get to say “The usual, please!” to anyone, but when it comes to Townhouse Yarns and their Tara 4-ply, that’s kinda what I got to do a few days ago.

      You see, Ard Rí, my “accidental wine bottle” shawl was one of the two that went missing in transit to a yarn festival. It’s always the shawl that gets me the biggest gasp during a trunk show or a workshop, and since I survive on audience feedback like a zombie needs brains, it is absolutely essential to remake it exactly as it was before. No messing around.

      Close-up of hands holding a crocheted shawl with a striped pattern in warm brown and purple hues, showcasing the texture and intricate design.
      Close up
      A woman with long hair holds a large, intricately crocheted shawl, showcasing its circular design and contrasting colors, against a pink background.
      Not-so-close up

      My first step (after some liberal sobbing) was to contact Townhouse Yarns to ask if they’d even be able to reproduce the two yarns I needed. It’s been some years since I worked on this one – 2020, mid-pandemic, to be exact – and the gold – despite its stunning warm, antique appearance – isn’t a regular on their rotation. I’d need at least three skeins.

      Luckily, Jenny had the recipe filed carefully away in an old notebook and through whatever acrane witchcraft she wields in her dye studio, she was able not just to dye these for me in a matter of days, but to reproduce it so exactly that I can’t tell the difference between old and new.

      A hand holding a brown yarn ball next to several skeins of golden and purple yarns with labels from Townhouse Yarns, laid on a wooden surface.
      Little ball of the original “Rosie’s Gold” (left), New skeins (right)

      Tara 4-ply is a blend of Superwash Merino, Silk and Yak; all of which make it a great choice for a tunisian crochet shawl.

      Superwash wool in general has a tendency to s-t-r-e-t-c-h when it’s first washed, and that quality (which can be a bummer in clothing that’s meant to fit a certain size) not only means this shawl grows after you’re done crocheting, but it adds drape, too.
      The silk, on the other hand, ensures that the superwash doesn’t over-do it. Silk is brilliant for structure, and holds its shape really well once it’s blocked and dried.
      And the yak, well, apart from adding softness and warmth and a silvery hue to everything, is also just a fun fibre to include.

      A hand holding a skein of Tara 4-ply yarn labeled 'Rosie's Gold', showcasing its rich golden-brown colors.
      Rosie’s Gold – yum yum yum

      I’ll be taking a break from my progress on Bríd now that I’ve eaten up the first of the Ceremony skeins, and then I’ll wind some Rosie’s Gold and get started on Ard Rí.

      A close-up of a crocheted shawl in progress, featuring warm orange yarn and a turquoise trim, with a hand sewing the edge. Several skeins of golden yarn are in the background.
      Progress on Bríd. The original contained 30 panels, so this means I’m about half of the way through

      But I’m curious if you think I should include the original ball of Rosie’s Gold in this new shawl?
      Kind of like passing the torch?

      Or should I do a completely new copy, with all its own, shiny new yarn?

      Catharsis or nostalgia, people?! I don’t know which way to lean!

      A person holding two skeins of Townhouse Yarns' Tara 4-ply yarn, one in a rich golden-brown and the other a smaller bundle. In the background, additional skeins in various colors can be seen in a bowl.
      Comparing and contrasting old and new dye lots.




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      Bríd Reborn?

      Those of you who have been to one of my trunk shows or tutorials know that I ask people to be very careful not to snag my crochet shawl samples on rings, brooches and zips, because I am wholly incapable of remaking a piece when I’ve already done it before.

      (This is why I only have one single mitten in each design made, for instance. Second Sock Syndrome is real, y’all.)

      For me, it’s discovery that keeps the wind in my sails and helps me pile row upon row, stitch after stitch until I see the final piece complete.

      But.

      Oh my god. I find myself in the position this winter where I have to remake not ONE sample, but TWO.

      a woman stands in front of a pink wall, her hair is long and blonde and she's wearing a gold and purple colourwork shawl over her shoulders, head and pinned at her chest
      Ard Ri
      Bríd

      Several weeks ago, two samples loaned out to display at a fibre festival went missing in transit, and have since been deemed ‘unrecoverable’. It’s a blow, I won’t lie; the samples in question were some of my favourites and some of my proudest work. Both are hard to lose.

      Ard Rí was my show-stopper. She’s always been a crowd pleaser, and the yarn (Love you, Townhouse Yarns!) is just divine.
      And Bríd – never released as a pattern – is an essential bit of kit because it’s the shawl I teach for Knittingtours.com‘s incredibly popular Fairytales & Flowers tour.

      Now, it’d be easy to blame myself for letting them out of my sight and for not anticipating the possibility of losing them, but three things are important to remember here:

      One. This is far from the first time they’ve gone on holidays,
      Two. This also is far from the first time Knitting Tours have borrowed them and returned them with care, attention and gratitude,
      And thirdly, these two shawls are also a great way to advertise my involvement with them and I have always felt the risk was worth it.

      So, no blame please to them. They always treat me and the people who take their tours incredibly well. I’m still working with them, I’ll still lend them samples in the future. I love them all dearly. This wasn’t their doing and it wasn’t my doing. It was solidly the delivery company’s fault, and they too, are making amends.

      But. That all doesn’t take away from the fact that I have to remake these pieces with a brain that abhors creative repitition and craves novelty like a 5-year-old coming down from a sugar high.

      Eriú Yarns – Soft Yarn in ‘Ceremony’ and ‘Selkie’


      With that in mind, and with the first batch of new yarn in hand (thank you Eriú Yarns!) I have decided to improve Bríd in new and interesting ways, and to not only swap the colours around, but also to use a new, softer Eriú yarn. That way I hope to trick myself into behaving as I re-crochet this piece.

      Wish me luck!


      How it started…
      How it’s going.


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      Invisible Crochet Bind-Off

      Setting up for our bind off.

      Here’s where we’re starting: a nice piece of UK dc/US sc on the round.

      This technique works best on the round, as all the V’s on your working edge are facing the same direction.

      UK dc / US sc on the round

      To being your bind off, cut yarn, then increase the size of the loop on your hook until the end pops through and the loop is gone.

      pull
      p-u-u-u-u-ll!
      there we go!

      Thread the end onto a bodkin or a blunt-ended needle.

      Then, sew underneath the two “arms” of the V on top of the next stitch along. Be sure that only those two strands of yarn are isolated. The rest of the stitch is to be left untouched.

      Bodkin threaded
      Bodkin worked under both “arms” of the next V along

      Pull bodkin through fabric, and then tighten strand of yarn so it matches the tension of the stitches around it.

      Bodkin pulled through fabric
      Strand tension achieved

      Then, take tip of bodkin, and press it the centre of the last stitch you crocheted. It will be the same spot that the strand you’re working with is sprouting out of. Again, pull the strand tighter

      Bodkin pressed into centre of last crochet stitch made
      Strand being pulled tighter
      A little tighter
      Just right!

      Weave your end into the fabric a little bit to secure your end, and there you have it!
      Your completely invisible bind off!

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      Crochet Cast Off for Knitting

      Setting up for casting off

      Here’s where we’re starting: a nice sheet of stocking stitch on 4.5 mm knitting needles.

      We’re going to use a 4.5 mm crochet hook to cast these stitches off.

      Ideally, your hook should be around the same size as your needles. A little smaller can also work, for a neater edge, but try to avoid going much bigger; the edge will tend to frill (unless that’s what you want, in which case, go for it!)

      Knitted Stocking Stitch Fabric
      4.5mm needle and 4.5 mm hook, ready to cast off

      Insert hook, knitwise into first stitch.

      Slip first stitch off needle and hold on hook.

      hook into first stitch
      first stitch slipped onto hook

      Insert hook into next stitch on needle.

      Draw yarn between hook and needle, travelling OVER the hook, between the needle and hook, then UNDER the hook.
      (Knitters: This Yran Over is worked in the opposite direction to the way many of you usually work, so take note of that as you go).

      hook inserted knitwise into next stitch along
      Yarn Over passes between hook and needle

      Using hook, draw Yarn Over through closest loop to hook head. Then push the stitch that’s still on the needle off it. You now have two loops on your hook.

      Yarn Over hook (same direction as before)

      two loops on hook
      Yarn Over in place

      Draw Yarn Over through both loops on hook.

      You are left with one loop on your hook and your first knit stitch cast off.

      Begin casting off next stitch on needle by inserting hook knitwise.

      One loop on hook, first knit stitch cast off
      hook inserted into next knitting stitch

      From here, we’re repating the cast off process from the first Yarn Over.

      Yarn Over BETWEEN hook and needle
      Yarn Over drawn through knitting stitch. Stitch slipped off needle
      second Yarn Over
      Yarn Over drawn through both loops

      That’s your second stitch cast off.

      When you repeat this for a while, you’ll start to see your crochet stitches build up behind your hook like this:

      half of the row cast off

      Okay, now.

      To cast off your cast off row, work until you only have one loop on your hook and your needle has no stitches left.

      Then, Yarn Over…

      final loop of cast off row
      Yarn Over added to hook

      Break yarn, and dra-a-a-a-aw end through loop…

      end drawn through loop…
      loop getting b igger and tail getting smaller

      …until it pops through.

      Then, pull end to tighten the little knot in the corner of your fabric.

      end pulled through to secure last stitch
      pulling the end will tighten that last stitch and turn it into a little knot

      And that’s your fabric totally bound off!

      Don’t forget to weave in your ends, though!

      return pass complete.
      close-up of site of INC1 increase

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      INC1 – a Tunisian Crochet increase

      Setting up for a Tunisian INC1 increase

      Here’s where we’re starting: a nice sheet of TSS stitches.

      We’re going to put a INC 1 increase in the middle of the next row which will increase our stitch number by one stitch.

      Tunisian Simple Stitch fabric
      work TSS sts up to the spot you intend to increase

      To increase, wrap yarn over hook.

      Then, with Yarn Over still in place, work hook into next line/stitch along, yarn over and draw one loop through line/stitch.

      The INC1 Yarn Over is still on the hook and locked between two regular, TSS stitches.

      yarn over
      next TSS complete

      Finish the rest of the forward pass as usual.

      Once forward pass is complete, work return pass as usual, i.e. YO, draw through 1 loop, then *YO, draw through two loops* repeatedly until only one loop remains on hook.

      For next row, work up to INC1 yarn over as usual…

      Return pass complete. INC1 Yarn over visible in centre of fabric.
      Next Forward Pass started.
      Hook worked up to INC1 Yarn Over of previous row.

      … then you have a choice.

      Either

      A) Work hook into INC1 yarn over itself, or…

      B) Work hook into eyelet made underneath INC1 yarn over.

      A) Hook worked into INC1 Yarn Over
      Yarn Over added to hook
      Yarn Over drawn though INC1 Yarn Over
      B) Eyelet identified
      Hook into eyelet
      Yarn Over added, and drawn back to front of work

      Either choice is valid.

      Then, complete Forward and Return Passes as usual.

      After a few rows back and forth, this is the type of texture you’ll get in your fabric:

      Increase achieved!

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